Integration of physiological phenotyping into a holistic phenomics approach

【摘要】：Plant responses are affected by the complex interaction of genome x environment x management that determines phenotypic plasticity and explains the variability of genetic components.Whereas great advances have been made in the cost efficient and high through-put analyses of genetic information and non-invasive phenotyping,the large scale analyses of the underlying physiological mechanisms is lagging behind.The external phenotype is determined by the sum of the complex interaction metabolic pathways and intracellular regulatory networks that is reflected in an internal,physiological and biochemical phenotype.These various scales of dynamic physiological responses need to be considered and genotyping and external phenotyping must be linked to the physiology at the cellular and tissue level.A high-dimensional physiological phenotyping across scales is needed that integrates the precise characterization of the internal phenotype into high-throughput phenotyping of whole-plants and canopies.Thus complex traits can be broken down into individual components of physiological traits.Since the higher resolution of physiological phenotyping by wet chemistry is inherently limited in throughput,highthroughput non-invasive phenotyping needs to be validated and verified across scales to be used as proxy for the underlying processes.Armed with this interdisciplinary and multi-dimensional phenomics approach,plant physiology,non-invasive phenotyping and functional genomics will complement each other,ultimately enabling the in-silico assessment of responses under defined environments with advanced crop physiology models.This will allow to generate robust physiological predictors also for complex traits to bridge the knowledge gap between genotypes and phenotypes for applications in breeding,precision farming and basic research.