Adaptation and evolution of Rosa rugosa populations during invasion and decline

【摘要】：Both invasion and decline of plant populations are common concerns of ecology,conservation biology and management practices.However,the adaptation and evolution of plant populations remains poorly understood.To reveal the ecological adaptation and evolution of a species during population invasion and decline,we used Rosa rugosa,a shrub species invasive in its introduced range of NW Europe but declining its native range of China,as a research system.We studied the differences in growth and reproduction traits between the invasive and declining populations,as well as the evolutionary relationships among the populations using microsatellites markers and transcriptome sequencing.The results showed that the introduced invasive R.rugosa populations we sampled in NW Europe performed significantly better than the sampled declining native populations in China,but the performance differences among invasive populations were significant too.The sampled introduced invasive populations had slightly high SSR genetic diversity than the native declining.Both the SSR analysis and transcriptome sequencing showed complex evolutionary relationship among the sampled invasive populations and declining populations,which may imply multiple sources of the invasive populations.Our findings provide a useful foundation for management of invasive R.rugosa populations in Europe and declining populations in China,and support the recent call for more intra-species research in invasive species biology and conservation biology.